Psychology

CBT is an extremely successful and popular method of psychotherapy, loosely based on cognitive principles.

From The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
The view that mental states are defined by their causes and effects. As a metaphysical thesis about the nature of mental states, functionalism holds that what makes an inner state mental is not an intrinsic property of the state, but rather its relations to sensory stimulation (input), to other inner states, and to behavior (output).

School of psychology that interprets phenomena as organized wholes rather than as aggregates of distinct parts, maintaining that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

From The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
The subfield of psychology that traces the development over time of moral reasoning and opinions in the lives of individuals.

From The Penguin Dictionary of Psychology
A branch of applied psychology covering organizational, military, economic and personnel psychology and including such areas as tests and measurements, the study of organizations and organizational behaviour, personnel practices, human engineering, human factors, the effects of work, fatigue, pay, consumer surveys and market research.

Positive psychology’s first focal area, positive subjective experience, is characterized by the study of such topics as well-being, personal happiness, life satisfaction, optimal human experience, exceptional performance, states of flow (total involvement), the importance of meaningful activity, and the good life. The second focus concerns the study of positive individual traits, and the field has already identified 24 “character strengths and virtues.”

Name given by Sigmund Freud to a system of interpretation and therapeutic treatment of psychological disorders.

From The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science
As a school or system of psychology, structuralism had its antecedents in British philosophy of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Any of a wide range of drugs used to treat psychic depression. They are given to elevate mood, counter suicidal thoughts, and increase the effectiveness of psychotherapy.

“‘ I could draw it,’ a dreamer often says to us, ‘but I don’t know how to say it.’” So said Sigmund Freud (1963, p. 90). Considering that Freud regarded dreams to be “the royal road to the unconscious,” it is surprising that he did not ask his patients to do so.

CBT is an extremely successful and popular method of psychotherapy, loosely based on cognitive principles.

In an early attempt to define counseling, the Society of Counseling Psychology, which is Division 17 of the American Psychological Association, described counseling as a process of “helping individuals toward overcoming obstacles to personal growth, wherever these may be encountered, and toward achieving optimum development of personal resources”

A crisis is a collapse in one’s ability to solve problems or cope with a situation in which the person’s existing strategies for coping do not work.

Any of a range of substances, natural or synthetic, administered to humans and animals as therapeutic agents: to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease, or to assist recovery from injury.

Efforts to categorize and describe “madness” date back to ancient Greece; however, interest in psychiatric categorization has intensified since the turn of the twentieth century.

In psychiatry, treatment of mood disorders by means of electricity; the broader term is "shock therapy.

From The Concise Corsini encyclopedia of psychology and behavioral science
Gestalt therapy is an existential and phenomenological approach, emphasizing the principles of present-centered awareness and immediate experience.

A means of changing behavior and emotional patterns, based on the premise that much of human behavior and feeling involves the individual's adaptation and response to other people.

[Gr.,=putting to sleep], to induce an altered state of consciousness characterized by deep relaxation and heightened suggestibility.

Problems in marriage and other close relationships are widespread. For example, the divorce rate in the United States is approximately 50%. Relationship problems are also among the most common reasons for people seeking mental health services.

Music affects people emotionally, physically, and aesthetically, and these responses provide the basis for the use of music in therapy.

Pharmacology is the science and practice of developing and administering chemicals as agents in the treatment of diseases.

Name given by Sigmund Freud to a system of interpretation and therapeutic treatment of psychological disorders.

Any of a variety of testing procedures for measuring psychological traits and behavior, or for studying some specialized aspect of ability.

In its broadest sense, the study of all pharmacological agents that affect mental and emotional functions.

Treatment of mental and emotional disorders using psychological methods. Psychotherapy, thus, does not include physiological interventions.

Whether one is talking about the latest actor, politician, or average person, the term rehabilitation is likely to pop up in casual conversation.

From Encyclopedia of Special Education
The purpose of the Child Behavior Checklist is to quickly collect standardized ratings on a broad spectrum of competencies and problems for children aged 6 to 18 years.

From The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science
The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) is a 21-item self-report instrument for measuring the severity of depression in adolescents and adults according to symptoms corresponding to the criteria for diagnosing major depressive disorders.

From Encyclopedia of Special Education
The Burks’ Behavior Rating Scales (BBRS), Preschool and Kindergarten Form and Grades One–Nine Form, are rating inventories used to identify the type and severity of problem behaviors exhibited by referred children ages 2 to 15.

Test that attempts to measure innate intellectual ability, rather than acquired ability.

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a widely used personality inventory (test) employed in vocational, educational, and psychotherapy settings. MBTI is used to evaluate personality type in adolescents and adults age 14 and older.

Any of a variety of testing procedures for measuring psychological traits and behavior, or for studying some specialized aspect of ability.

From The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science
The field of psychometrics generally considers quantitative psychological data. Such data normally emerges from test responses, although it may come from other measures.

From The Penguin Dictionary of Psychology
The grandfather of all projective tests, designed and developed by the Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach. The administration of the test consists of a structured interview using a series of ten standardized, bilaterally symmetrical inkblots.